
1 基础知识
1.1 什么是Pear
PEAR是可重用的PHP组件框架和系统分发
1.2 Pear的作用
– 为PHP用户提供开源的结构化代码库
– 便于代码的分发和包的维护
– 标准化PHP的编写代码
– 提供PHP的扩展社区库(PECL)
– 通过网站、邮件列表和下载镜像支持PHP/PEAR社区
1.3 Pear的安装
– Pear会随PHP安装时自动安装
– 预编译执行“./configure”命令时,使用选项“–without-pear”则不安装
注:手动安装方法如下,
wget http://pear.php.net/go-pear.phar php go-pear.phar
1.4 验证Pear的安装
pear
显示如下:
Commands: build Build an Extension From C Source bundle Unpacks a Pecl Package channel-add Add a Channel channel-alias Specify an alias to a channel name [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
1.5 查看Pear的版本
pear -V
显示如下:
PEAR Version: 1.10.5 PHP Version: 7.1.12 Zend Engine Version: 3.1.0 Running on: Linux roundcube.cmdschool.org 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64
2 PEAR的常用操作
2.1 查看PEAR配置
2.1.1 查看全部的PEAR配置
pear config-show
命令显示如下:
Configuration (channel pear.php.net): ===================================== Auto-discover new Channels auto_discover Default Channel default_channel pear.php.net HTTP Proxy Server Address http_proxy PEAR server [DEPRECATED] master_server pear.php.net Default Channel Mirror preferred_mirror pear.php.net Remote Configuration File remote_config PEAR executables directory bin_dir /usr/sbin PEAR documentation directory doc_dir /usr/lib64/php/doc PHP extension directory ext_dir /usr/lib64/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20160303 PEAR directory php_dir /usr/lib64/php [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
2.1.2 查看特定的PEAR配置
pear config-get php_dir
命令显示如下:
/usr/lib64/php
3 PEAR的系统操作
3.1 设置PEAR配置
3.1.1 查看默认的配置
pear config-get preferred_state
默认显示如下:
stable
3.1.2 修改PEAR配置
pear config-set preferred_state beta
默认显示如下:
config-set succeeded
3.2 PEAR安装和更新
3.2.1 安装某个包
pear install XML_Util
如果需要强制操作,
pear install -f XML_Util
3.2.2 更新某个包
pear upgrade XML_Util
如果需要强制操作,
pear upgrade -f XML_Util
3.2.3 安装特定的版本
PEAR的包邮以下四种状态,
– stable
– beta
– alpha
– devel
注:默认情况下,PEAR只安装stable的包
如果需要安装其他状态的,则按如下方式操作,
pear install XML_Util-stable pear install XML_Util-alpha pear install XML_Util-1.4.2 pear upgrade XML_Util-1.4.3
3.2.4 安装自动解决依赖关系
pear install --onlyreqdeps html_page2 pear install --alldeps html_page2
注:以上任意命令即可,通常使用前者,
–onlyreqdeps,参数代表仅安装所需的依赖项
–alldeps,参数代表安装所有的依赖项
3.2.5 离线安装
pear download XML_Util pear install XML_Util-1.4.3.tgz
3.3 PEAR包的信息获取
3.2.1 显示包的详细信息
pear info PEAR
显示如下:
About pear.php.net/PEAR-1.10.5 ============================== Release Type PEAR-style PHP-based Package Name PEAR Channel pear.php.net Summary PEAR Base System Description The PEAR package contains: [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
3.2.2 列出包的安装文件
pear list-files PEAR
命令显示如下:
Installed Files For PEAR ======================== Type Install Path php /usr/lib64/php/OS/Guess.php php /usr/lib64/php/PEAR/ChannelFile/Parser.php php /usr/lib64/php/PEAR/Command/Auth.xml php /usr/lib64/php/PEAR/Command/Auth.php php /usr/lib64/php/PEAR/Command/Build.xml [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
3.2.3 查看已经安装的包
pear list
命令显示如下:
Installed packages, channel pear.php.net: ========================================= Package Version State Archive_Tar 1.4.3 stable Console_Getopt 1.4.1 stable PEAR 1.10.5 stable Structures_Graph 1.1.1 stable XML_Util 1.4.2 stable [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
3.2.4 搜索可用的安装包
pear search xml
显示如下:
WARNING: channel "pear.php.net" has updated its protocols, use "pear channel-update pear.php.net" to update Retrieving data...0% ....50%....Matched packages, channel pear.php.net: ======================================= Package Stable/(Latest) Local pearweb_channelxml 1.15.2 (stable) channel.xml and DTD for pear.php.net channel Structures_DataGrid_DataSource_XML 0.2.1dev1 (beta) DataSource driver using XML files Structures_DataGrid_Renderer_XML 0.1.4dev1 (beta) Renderer driver that generates a XML string [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
3.2.5 查看可安装的PEAR包
pear list-all
命令显示如下:
WARNING: channel "pear.php.net" has updated its protocols, use "pear channel-update pear.php.net" to update All packages [Channel pear.php.net]: ==================================== Package Latest Local pear/Archive_Tar 1.4.3 1.4.3 Tar file management class pear/Archive_Zip 0.1.2 Zip file archiving management class [...]
注:“[…]”表示省略
参阅文档:
============
使用手册:
————–
https://pear.php.net/manual/en/
手动安装Pear
—————
https://pear.php.net/manual/en/installation.getting.php
如何查看用户配置:
—————-
https://pear.php.net/manual/en/guide.users.commandline.config.php
线上安装包列表:
————–
http://pecl.php.net/package-stats.php
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