PHP
1 前言
一个问题，一篇文章，一出故事。
PHP-FPM可以跟Nginx配合使Nginx环境具备运行解析PHP脚本的能力。
PHP-FPM常见环境有LNMP即Linux+Ngingx+MySQL+PHP。
2 安装PHP-FPM
2.1 环境配置
2.1.1 准备操作系统
OS = Oracle Linux Server release 9.0
IP Address= any
Host Name = any.cmdschool.org
2.1.2 配置编译环境
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make expat-devel autoconf
2.1.3 下载php二进制安装包
cd ~ wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.12.tar.bz2
如果需要其他版本或者下载异常，请从以下连接下载，
https://www.php.net/releases/
2.1.4 创建运行用户
groupadd -g 48 apache useradd -u 48 -g 48 -d /usr/share/httpd -s /sbin/nologin apache
2.1.5 预建目录
mkdir /var/log/php-fpm/ mkdir /run/php-fpm/
2.1.6 配置防火墙（可选）
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port 9000/tcp firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all
2.2 编译安装
2.2.1 解压安装包
cd ~/ tar -xf php-8.1.12.tar.bz2
2.2.2 安装前构建
cd ~/php-8.1.12
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--includedir=/usr/include/ \
--with-fpm-user=apache \
--with-fpm-group=apache \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-systemd \
--with-mysqli \
--enable-mbstring
如果遇到如下错误，
configure: error: Package requirements (libxml-2.0 >= 2.9.0) were not met:
可通过如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libxml2-devel
如果遇到如下错误，
configure: error: Package requirements (sqlite3 >= 3.7.7) were not met:
可通过如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y sqlite-devel
如果遇到如下错误，
configure: error: Package requirements (oniguruma) were not met:
可通过如下命令解决依赖关系，
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/OracleLinux-R9-U0-x86_64.repo << "EOF" [codeready] name=codeready baseurl=https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL9/codeready/builder/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL9/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol9 EOF dnf install -y oniguruma-devel
如果遇到如下错误，
configure: error: Package requirements (libsystemd >= 209) were not met:
可通过如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y systemd-devel
2.2.3 编译并安装
make make install | tee install.log
2.3 配置PHP-FPM
2.3.1 配置php.ini
cp php.ini-development /etc/php.ini ln -s /etc/php.ini /usr/lib64/php.ini
2.3.2 防止空文件递给PHP-FPM后端
vim /etc/php.ini
修改以下参数，
cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0
注：可防任意脚本注入
2.3.3 创建配置
cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.conf vim /etc/php-fpm.conf
配置修改如下，
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install ; prefix (/usr/local). This prefix can be dynamically changed by using the ; '-p' argument from the command line. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/var ; Default Value: none pid = /run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written ; into a local file. ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/var ; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log ; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the ; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities ; will be handled differently. ; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON) ; Default Value: daemon ;syslog.facility = daemon ; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM ; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value ; which must suit common needs. ; Default Value: php-fpm ;syslog.ident = php-fpm ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; Log limit on number of characters in the single line (log entry). If the ; line is over the limit, it is wrapped on multiple lines. The limit is for ; all logged characters including message prefix and suffix if present. However ; the new line character does not count into it as it is present only when ; logging to a file descriptor. It means the new line character is not present ; when logging to syslog. ; Default Value: 1024 ;log_limit = 4096 ; Log buffering specifies if the log line is buffered which means that the ; line is written in a single write operation. If the value is false, then the ; data is written directly into the file descriptor. It is an experimental ; option that can potentially improve logging performance and memory usage ; for some heavy logging scenarios. This option is ignored if logging to syslog ; as it has to be always buffered. ; Default value: yes ;log_buffering = no ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been designed to control ; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools. ; Use it with caution. ; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit ; Default Value: 0 ; process.max = 128 ; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the master process (only if set) ; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lowest priority) ; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root ; - The pool process will inherit the master process priority ; unless specified otherwise ; Default Value: no set ; process.priority = -19 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes ;daemonize = yes ; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit for the master process. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available: ; - select (any POSIX os) ; - poll (any POSIX os) ; - epoll (linux >= 2.5.44) ; - kqueue (FreeBSD >= 4.1, OpenBSD >= 2.9, NetBSD >= 2.0) ; - /dev/poll (Solaris >= 7) ; - port (Solaris >= 10) ; Default Value: not set (auto detection) ;events.mechanism = epoll ; When FPM is built with systemd integration, specify the interval, ; in seconds, between health report notification to systemd. ; Set to 0 to disable. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default value: 10 ;systemd_interval = 10 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening ; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :) ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by: ; - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument) ; - /usr/local otherwise include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
根据配置的需求，你需要创建如下夹，
mkdir -p /etc/php-fpm.d/
且创建以下配置文件，
cp ./sapi/fpm/www.conf /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
配置修改如下，
; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable $pool can be used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
[www]
; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'access.log'
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or NONE) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool
; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
; will be used.
user = apache
group = apache
; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
; a specific port;
; '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
; a specific port;
; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511
; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. The owner
; and group can be specified either by name or by their numeric IDs.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
; mode is set to 0660
;listen.owner = apache
;listen.group = apache
;listen.mode = 0660
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
;listen.acl_users =
;listen.acl_groups =
; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
; - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
; unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19
; Set the process dumpable flag (PR_SET_DUMPABLE prctl) even if the process user
; or group is different than the master process user. It allows to create process
; core dump and ptrace the process for the pool user.
; Default Value: no
; process.dumpable = yes
; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
; following directives. With this process management, there will be
; always at least 1 children.
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can
; be alive at the same time.
; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.
; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is less than this
; number then some children will be created.
; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is greater than this
; number then some children will be killed.
; pm.max_spawn_rate - the maximum number of rate to spawn child
; processes at once.
; ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that
; can be alive at the same time.
; pm.process_idle_timeout - The number of seconds after which
; an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 50
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: (min_spare_servers + max_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 5
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
; The number of rate to spawn child processes at once.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: 32
;pm.max_spawn_rate = 32
; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500
; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following information:
; pool - the name of the pool;
; process manager - static, dynamic or ondemand;
; start time - the date and time FPM has started;
; start since - number of seconds since FPM has started;
; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool;
; listen queue - the number of request in the queue of pending
; connections (see backlog in listen(2));
; max listen queue - the maximum number of requests in the queue
; of pending connections since FPM has started;
; listen queue len - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
; idle processes - the number of idle processes;
; active processes - the number of active processes;
; total processes - the number of idle + active processes;
; max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
; has started;
; max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
; when pm tries to start more children (works only for
; pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
; pool: www
; process manager: static
; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
; start since: 62636
; accepted conn: 190460
; listen queue: 0
; max listen queue: 1
; listen queue len: 42
; idle processes: 4
; active processes: 11
; total processes: 15
; max active processes: 12
; max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
; http://www.foo.bar/status
; http://www.foo.bar/status?json
; http://www.foo.bar/status?html
; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example:
; http://www.foo.bar/status?full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
; pid - the PID of the process;
; state - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
; start time - the date and time the process has started;
; start since - the number of seconds since the process has started;
; requests - the number of requests the process has served;
; request duration - the duration in µs of the requests;
; request method - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
; request URI - the request URI with the query string;
; content length - the content length of the request (only with POST);
; user - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
; script - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
; last request cpu - the %cpu the last request consumed
; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
; because CPU calculation is done when the request
; processing has terminated;
; last request memory - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
; because memory calculation is done when the request
; processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
; ************************
; pid: 31330
; state: Running
; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
; start since: 63087
; requests: 12808
; request duration: 1250261
; request method: GET
; request URI: /test_mem.php?N=10000
; content length: 0
; user: -
; script: /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
; last request cpu: 0.00
; last request memory: 0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
; It's available in: /usr/local/share/php/fpm/status.html
;
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;pm.status_path = /status
; The address on which to accept FastCGI status request. This creates a new
; invisible pool that can handle requests independently. This is useful
; if the main pool is busy with long running requests because it is still possible
; to get the status before finishing the long running requests.
;
; Valid syntaxes are:
; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
; a specific port;
; '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
; a specific port;
; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Default Value: value of the listen option
;pm.status_listen = 127.0.0.1:9001
; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping
; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong
; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log
; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
; %%: the '%' character
; %C: %CPU used by the request
; it can accept the following format:
; - %{user}C for user CPU only
; - %{system}C for system CPU only
; - %{total}C for user + system CPU (default)
; %d: time taken to serve the request
; it can accept the following format:
; - %{seconds}d (default)
; - %{milliseconds}d
; - %{milli}d
; - %{microseconds}d
; - %{micro}d
; %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
; variable. Some examples:
; - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
; - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
; %f: script filename
; %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
; %m: request method
; %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
; it can accept the following format:
; - %{bytes}M (default)
; - %{kilobytes}M
; - %{kilo}M
; - %{megabytes}M
; - %{mega}M
; %n: pool name
; %o: output header
; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
; - %{Content-Type}o
; - %{X-Powered-By}o
; - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
; - ....
; %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
; %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
; %q: the query string
; %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
; %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
; %R: remote IP address
; %s: status (response code)
; %t: server time the request was received
; it can accept a strftime(3) format:
; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
; The strftime(3) format must be encapsulated in a %{}t tag
; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
; %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
; it can accept a strftime(3) format:
; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
; The strftime(3) format must be encapsulated in a %{}t tag
; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
; %u: remote user
;
; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{milli}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
; Depth of slow log stack trace.
; Default Value: 20
;request_slowlog_trace_depth = 20
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0
; The timeout set by 'request_terminate_timeout' ini option is not engaged after
; application calls 'fastcgi_finish_request' or when application has finished and
; shutdown functions are being called (registered via register_shutdown_function).
; This option will enable timeout limit to be applied unconditionally
; even in such cases.
; Default Value: no
;request_terminate_timeout_track_finished = no
; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024
; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot =
; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www
; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environment, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes
; Decorate worker output with prefix and suffix containing information about
; the child that writes to the log and if stdout or stderr is used as well as
; log level and time. This options is used only if catch_workers_output is yes.
; Settings to "no" will output data as written to the stdout or stderr.
; Default value: yes
;decorate_workers_output = no
; Clear environment in FPM workers
; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes
; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this
; pool configuration are added.
; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code
; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER.
; Default Value: yes
;clear_env = no
; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; execute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7
; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp
; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can
; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
; PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.
; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.
; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr/local)
; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
; specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log
php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
; Set session path to a directory owned by process user
php_value[session.save_handler] = files
php_value[session.save_path] = /var/lib/php/session
根据以上配置的需求，你需要手动建立如下目录，
mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session/ chown -R apache: /var/lib/php/session/
2.3.5 测试fpm启动
/usr/sbin/php-fpm &
2.3.6 查询服务状态
pgrep -u apache php-fpm -a netstat -antp | grep php-fpm
2.3.7 手动关闭服务
kill 2 `pgrep -u root php-fpm`
2.4 配置服务启动
2.4.1 配置启动脚本
cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
加入如下配置，
# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it # will be overwritten during upgrades. If you want to customize, # the best way is to use the "systemctl edit" command. [Unit] Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager After=network.target [Service] Type=notify PIDFile=/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid ExecStartPre=/bin/bash -c "mkdir -p /run/php-fpm" ExecStart=/usr/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /etc/php-fpm.conf ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID # Set up a new file system namespace and mounts private /tmp and /var/tmp directories # so this service cannot access the global directories and other processes cannot # access this service's directories. PrivateTmp=true # Mounts the /usr, /boot, and /etc directories read-only for processes invoked by this unit. ProtectSystem=full # Sets up a new /dev namespace for the executed processes and only adds API pseudo devices # such as /dev/null, /dev/zero or /dev/random (as well as the pseudo TTY subsystem) to it, # but no physical devices such as /dev/sda. PrivateDevices=true # Explicit module loading will be denied. This allows to turn off module load and unload # operations on modular kernels. It is recommended to turn this on for most services that # do not need special file systems or extra kernel modules to work. ProtectKernelModules=true # Kernel variables accessible through /proc/sys, /sys, /proc/sysrq-trigger, /proc/latency_stats, # /proc/acpi, /proc/timer_stats, /proc/fs and /proc/irq will be made read-only to all processes # of the unit. Usually, tunable kernel variables should only be written at boot-time, with the # sysctl.d(5) mechanism. Almost no services need to write to these at runtime; it is hence # recommended to turn this on for most services. ProtectKernelTunables=true # The Linux Control Groups (cgroups(7)) hierarchies accessible through /sys/fs/cgroup will be # made read-only to all processes of the unit. Except for container managers no services should # require write access to the control groups hierarchies; it is hence recommended to turn this on # for most services ProtectControlGroups=true # Any attempts to enable realtime scheduling in a process of the unit are refused. RestrictRealtime=true # Restricts the set of socket address families accessible to the processes of this unit. # Protects against vulnerabilities such as CVE-2016-8655 RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_INET AF_INET6 AF_NETLINK AF_UNIX # Takes away the ability to create or manage any kind of namespace RestrictNamespaces=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置环境文件，
echo '# Additional environment file for php-fpm' > /etc/sysconfig/php-fpm
重载控制脚本
systemctl daemon-reload
2.4.2 启动服务并配置默认启动
systemctl start php-fpm systemctl enable php-fpm
2.4.3 服务其他控制命令
systemctl start php-fpm systemctl restart php-fpm systemctl stop php-fpm systemctl status php-fpm
3 加载PHP-FPM模块
3.1 安装模块openssl
3.1.1 重新预编译PHP
cd ~/php-8.1.12
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--includedir=/usr/include/ \
--with-fpm-user=apache \
--with-fpm-group=apache \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-systemd \
--with-mysqli \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-openssl=/usr
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (openssl >= 1.0.2) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y openssl-devel ln -s /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib/
3.1.2 重新编译并安装PHP
make make install | tee install.log
3.1.3 重启服务使配置生效
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
3.2 安装模块gd
3.2.1 重新预编译PHP
cd ~/php-8.1.12
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--includedir=/usr/include/ \
--with-fpm-user=apache \
--with-fpm-group=apache \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-systemd \
--with-mysqli \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-openssl=/usr \
--enable-gd
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (libpng) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libpng-devel
3.2.2 重新编译并安装PHP
make make install | tee install.log
3.2.2 重启服务使配置生效
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
3.3 安装imagick扩展库
3.3.1 下载安装包
cd ~ wget https://www.imagemagick.org/download/ImageMagick.tar.gz wget https://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.7.0.tgz
另外，如果不能下载或其他版本，请从以下链接下载，
https://www.imagemagick.org/download/
https://pecl.php.net/package/imagick
3.3.2 解压安装包
cd ~ tar -xf ImageMagick.tar.gz tar -xf imagick-3.7.0.tgz
3.3.3安装ImageMagick
cd ~/ImageMagick-7.0.8-9/
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--with-tiff=yes
make
make install | tee install.log
详细的，可使用下列命令检查支持的格式，
convert -version
3.3.4 安装Imagick
cd ~/imagick-3.7.0
phpize
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--with-imagick=/usr/local
make
make install | tee install.log
3.3.5 加载imagick扩展
echo 'extension=imagick.so' >> /etc/php.ini
3.3.6 重启服务使配置生效
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
3.4 安装其他扩展
3.4.1 重新预编译PHP
cd ~/php-8.1.12
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
--sysconfdir=/etc/ \
--libdir=/usr/lib64/ \
--mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
--includedir=/usr/include/ \
--with-fpm-user=apache \
--with-fpm-group=apache \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-systemd \
--with-mysqli \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-openssl=/usr \
--enable-gd \
--enable-intl \
--with-curl=/usr \
--enable-exif \
--with-ldap=/usr \
--with-zip=/usr \
--with-webp=/usr \
--with-jpeg=/usr \
--with-xpm=/usr \
--with-freetype=/usr \
--with-pdo-mysql
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (libcurl >= 7.29.0) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libcurl-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (icu-uc >= 50.1 icu-io icu-i18n) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libicu-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Cannot find ldap.h
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y openldap-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
ln -s /usr/lib64/libldap.so /usr/lib/
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (libjpeg) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libwebp-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (libjpeg) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libjpeg-turbo-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (xpm) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libXpm-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (freetype2) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y freetype-devel
如果遇到如下错误提示，
configure: error: Package requirements (libzip >= 0.11 libzip != 1.3.1 libzip != 1.7.0) were not met:
你需要使用如下命令解决依赖关系，
dnf install -y libzip-devel
3.4.2 重新编译并安装PHP
make make install | tee install.log
注：如果执行“make”有如下错误提示，
/usr/bin/ld: ext/ldap/.libs/ldap.o: undefined reference to symbol 'ber_scanf' /usr/lib64/liblber-2.4.so.2: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1 /usr/bin/ld: ext/ldap/ldap.o: undefined reference to symbol 'ber_memfree' //usr/lib64/liblber-2.4.so.2: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [Makefile:302: sapi/cli/php] Error 1
请按如下方法处理，
vim Makefile
以下变量加入如下参数，
EXTRA_LIBS = -llber
3.4.3 重启服务使配置生效
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
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